Neuron

is an cell in the human brain, which processes information and transmits an electrical output. There are also glia cells in the human brain.

Structure
Here is the neuron divided into parts with different functions :


 * Dendrites  Receives signals from other cells
 * Cell body  Organizes and keeps the cell functional
 * Cell membrane  Protects the cell
 * Axon hillock  Generates impulse in the neuron
 * Node of Ranvier  Axon hillock
 * Schwann cell  Produces the myelin sheath
 * Nucleus  Controls the entire neuron
 * Axon  Transfers signals to other cells and organs
 * Myelin sheath  Increases the speed of the signal
 * Axon terminal  Forms junctions with other cells

Function
The neuron is mainly concerned with transmission and processing. An neuron is an part of the brain, which regulates breathing rates, and heart rate and organs function, so we can say that it regulates breathing etc.

Action potential
Action potential is the process of transmitting an message neuron to neuron. Firstly, the neuro receptors detects neurotransmitters and tells the ion channels to open up it creates an membrane potential which lets more ion channel to open up.